Adolescence is a distant right and journey- full of dramatic growth, change and development. Understanding the developmental stage of adolescence can assist parents and teens with navigating this important phase of development.
Biological Changes During Adolescence
In this phase, teenagers experience significant hormonal changes. These hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, can cause mood swings and emotional instability. It’s normal for teens to feel happy one moment and sad the next. Understanding that these mood changes are a natural part of growing up can help parents be more patient and supportive.
Brain Development
The teenage brain is still developing, especially the prefrontal cortex which is responsible for decision-making, impulse control and reasoning. This means that teens might sometimes make impulsive decisions or struggle with controlling their emotions. Knowing that their brains are still maturing can help parents guide their teens through challenging situations, with empathy.
Social Changes
Adolescence is a time when teens start to form their own identities and seek independence. They may feel pressure to fit in with their peers and might be influenced by social media. This can lead to stress and anxiety. Parents can support their teens by encouraging them to be true to themselves and reminding them that it’s fine to be different.
Normalising the Experience
It’s important to normalise the emotional ups and downs of adolescence. Here are some key points:
- Emotional Whirlwind: Teens may experience intense emotions and mood swings due to hormonal changes and brain development. It’s normal for them to feel overwhelmed at times.
- Identity Formation: Adolescents are figuring out who they are, which can lead to confusion and conflict. Parents can help by being patient and supportive as their teens explore their identities.
- Risk-Taking Behaviour: It’s common for teens to engage in risk-taking as they test boundaries and seek independence. Parents can guide them by setting clear expectations and discussing the consequences of their actions.
As adolescence can be a time of such volatility, it should be made clear that they can have periods of difficulty and distress. When these experiences move out of the normal range, there are support services available to assist parents and teens in navigating through them.
Resources and Further Reading
Include links to reputable sources for further reading and support:
- World Health Organization (WHO): Information on adolescent mental health: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH): Resources on child and adolescent mental health: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/child-and-adolescent-mental-health
- Harvard Health: Tips for parents on protecting their child’s mental health: https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/the-mental-health-crisis-among-children-and-teens-how-parents-can-help-202203082700
Mrs Nefeli Sfestios – School Counsellor
